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              <text>A wanted to buy a particularly cheap batch of goods from a non-Jew who came from overseas and was unaware of the market price. Since A didn't have sufficient funds, he wanted to borrow the necessary amount from B and offer an annual interest of 8% based on the benefit received, with the condition that in case of loss, only the borrowed sum would be returned to B. Mozes Gomes de Mesquita considers this to be prohibited interest-taking according to the Torah.</text>
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              <text>A widow had been receiving her livelihood from the heirs of her deceased husband for some time and had saved money during this period. When she wanted to collect her Kethuba (a Jewish marriage contract specifying the husband's obligations to the wife), the heirs wanted to deduct the savings from the maintenance money. Samuel ben Salomo a'Cathan ruled that if the widow had received her maintenance generously and abundantly, the savings could be credited toward the Kethuba.</text>
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        <name>Damage (compensation for damages)</name>
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        <name>Thief</name>
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              <text>Two two-year-old boys, born in the same week and living in the same household, lost both their parents during a common sea voyage. They were entrusted to a Jewish man upon arrival at the destination port. The father of one of the boys, a wealthy man, had left his entire fortune to this trustee. However, the trustee did not know which boy was the son of the rich man, as both boys looked very similar. His only weak clue was that one child was dressed much more lavishly than the other. Jacob Chiskijahu b. Chacham David Israel Athias emphasizes the decisive significance of the clothing difference, assuming that the father intentionally dressed his child expensively to make him recognizable. See also reference 645.</text>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="150993">
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              <text>39</text>
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        <element elementId="91">
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            <elementText elementTextId="98784">
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              <text>Gomes</text>
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              <text>Two brothers, A and B, had divided their father's entire inheritance (150,000 guilders) between them based on information from a witness that their brother C had died overseas. However, the information turned out to be false, and C returned, demanding his share. A gave him 25,000 guilders. Meanwhile, B had become impoverished and couldn't pay the 25,000 guilders he owed to C. In response, C demanded an additional 25,000 guilders from A. Moses Gomes de Mesquita ruled that C could only claim 25,000 guilders once from A; any further claim must be directed at B when B is able to pay. .</text>
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        <element elementId="149">
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          <elementTextContainer>
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        <name>False death report</name>
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        <name>Gulden (currency)</name>
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        <name>Inheritance law</name>
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        <name>Liability - joint</name>
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              <text>An animal was slaughtered during calving when a part of the embryo was already visible. The milk from the embryo, which was a female, was mixed with milk from other animals (not reaching the sixtyfold). Samuel de Salomo a'Cathan (not de Meza) permits the consumption of all the milk, as only a part of the milk from the embryo-the equivalent of the part that had already exited the womb-would be forbidden.</text>
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